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25250
* Open.
# 24:7,11,12 1Sa 19:4-7 20:32 22:14,15 Es 4:13-16 Job 29:9,17
# Ps 82:3,4 Jer 26:16-19,24 38:7-10 Joh 7:51
* such, etc. Heb. the sons of destruction.
# Ps 79:11 *marg:
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# 16:12 20:8 Le 19:15 De 1:16 16:18-20 2Sa 8:15 Ps 58:1,2
# Ps 72:1,2 Job 29:12,15,16 Isa 1:17,23 11:4 32:1,2 Jer 5:28
# Jer 22:3,15,16 23:5 Da 4:27 Am 5:11,12 Zec 7:9 9:9 Joh 7:24
# Heb 1:9 Re 19:11
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* Who.
This is the commencement of an alphabetical poem, each verse
beginning consecutively with a letter of the Hebrew alphabet;
in which we are presented with an admirable picture of a good
wife, according to the primitive manners of the East.
* can.
# 12:4 18:22 19:14 Ru 3:11 Ec 7:28 So 6:8,9 Eph 5:25-33
* her.
# 3:15 8:11 20:15
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# 2Ki 4:9,10,22,23 1Pe 3:1-7
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# 1Sa 25:18-22,26,27
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* worketh.
# Ge 18:6-8 24:13,14,18-20 29:9,10 Ex 2:16 Ru 2:2,3,23
# Isa 3:16-24 32:9-11 Ac 9:39,40 1Th 4:11 2Th 3:10-12
# 1Ti 5:10,14 Tit 2:5
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# 24 1Ki 9:26-28 2Ch 9:10 Eze 27:3-36
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* riseth.
# Jos 3:1 2Ch 36:15 Ps 119:147,148 Ec 9:10 Mr 1:35 Ro 12:11
* and giveth.
# Mt 24:25 Lu 12:42
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* considereth.
# Jos 15:18 So 8:12 Mt 13:44
* buyeth. Heb. taketh.
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* girdeth.
# 1Ki 18:46 2Ki 4:29 Job 38:3 Lu 12:35 Eph 6:10,14 1Pe 1:13
* strengtheneth.
# Ge 49:24 Isa 44:12 Ho 7:15
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* perceiveth. Heb. tasteth. her candle.
# Ge 31:40 Ps 127:2 Mt 25:3-10 1Th 2:9 2Th 3:7-9
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She takes the spindle in her right hand, by twisting which she
twists the thread; while she holds the distaff, on which the
wool or flax is rolled, in the guard of the left arm, and
draws down the thread with the fingers of the left hand.
# Ex 35:25,26
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* She stretcheth. Heb. She spreadeth.
# 1:24 Ro 10:21
* she reacheth.
# 19:17 22:9 Job 31:16-20 Ps 41:1 112:9 Ec 11:1,2 Mr 14:7
# Ac 9:39-41 20:34,35 Eph 4:28 Heb 13:16
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* afraid.
# 25:20
* scarlet. or, double garments.
# Ge 45:22
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* coverings.
# 7:16
* clothing.
# Ge 41:42 *marg:
# Es 5:1 8:15 Ps 45:13,14 Eze 16:10-13 1Pe 3:3
* silk.
{Shesh,} rather fine linen, or cotton. (See on Ex 39:27.)
{Sadin,} rendered "fine linen," ver. 24, is probably the same
as the Arabic {sidn,} and {sudl,} a veil, or an inner covering
of fine muslin.
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* husband.
# 12:4
* in the.
# 24:7 De 16:18 21:19 Ru 4:1 Job 29:7
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# 13,19 1Ki 10:28 Eze 27:16 Lu 16:19
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* Strength.
# Job 29:14 40:10 Ps 132:9,16 Isa 61:10 Ro 13:14 Eph 4:24
# 1Ti 2:10 1Pe 5:5,6
* and she.
# Ps 97:11,12 Isa 65:13,14 Mt 25:20,21
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* openeth.
# 8,9 Jud 13:23 1Sa 25:24-31 2Sa 20:16-22 2Ki 22:15-20 Es 4:4
# Es 5:8 7:3-6 8:3-6 Lu 1:38,42-56 Ac 18:26 Eph 4:29 Col 4:5
* in her.
# 12:18 16:24 25:15 Ge 24:18-20 So 2:14 4:11 Mal 2:6 Ac 6:15
# 1Pe 3:1,4,5,8,9
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# 14:1 1Th 4:11 2Th 3:6 1Ti 5:10 Tit 2:4
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* children.
# 1 1Ki 2:19 Ps 116:16 2Ti 1:5 3:15-17
* her husband.
# So 7:1-9 Isa 62:4,5 *marg:
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* done virtuously. or, gotten riches. thou.
# So 6:8,9 Eph 5:27
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* Favour.
# 6:25 11:22 2Sa 14:25 Es 1:11,12 Eze 16:15 Jas 1:11 1Pe 1:24
* a woman.
# 1:7 8:13 Ex 1:17-21 Ps 147:11 Lu 1:6,46-50 1Pe 3:4,5
* she.
# Ec 7:18 12:13 Ro 2:29 1Co 4:5 1Pe 1:7 3:4
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* of the.
# 16 11:30 Ps 128:2 Mt 7:16,20 Ro 6:21,22 Php 4:17
* and let.
# Mr 14:7-9 Ac 9:39 Ro 16:1-4,6,12 1Ti 5:25 Heb 6:10 Re 14:13
CONCLUDING REMARKS ON THE BOOK OF PROVERBS.
The wisdom of all ages, from the highest antiquity, has chosen
to compress and communicate its lessons in short, compendious
sentences, and in poetic language, which were readily conceived
and easily retained, and circulated in society as useful
principles, to be unfolded as occasion required. Indeed, such
short maxims, comprehending much instruction in a few words, and
carrying their own evidence with them, are admirably adapted to
direct the conduct, without overburdening the memory, or
perplexing the mind with abstract reasonings; and hence there
are, in all countries and in all languages, old proverbs, or
common sayings, which have great authority and influence on the
opinions and actions of mankind. Such maxims, however, want
their proper basis, the sanction of a Divine Original; and being
generally the mere result of worldly prudence, are often
calculated to impose on the judgment, and to mislead those who
are directed by them. But the proverbs in this book not only
are far more ancient than any others extant in the world, and
infinitely surpass all the ethical sayings of the ancient sages;
but have also received a Divine imprimatur, and are infallible
rules to direct our conduct in every circumstance of human life.
They are so justly founded on the principles of human nature,
and so adapted to the permanent interests of man, that they
agree with the manners of every age; and are adapted to every
period, condition, or rank in life, however varied in its
complexion or diversified by circumstance. Kings and subjects,
rich and poor, wise and foolish, old and young, fathers and
mothers, husbands and wives, sons and daughters, masters and
servants, may here learn their respective duties, and read
lessons of instruction for the regulation of their conduct in
their various circumstances; while the most powerful motives,
derived from honour, interest, love, fear, natural affection,
and piety, are exhibited to inspire an ardent love of wisdom and
virtue, and the greatest detestation of ignorance and vice.
These maxims are laid down so clearly, copiously, impressively,
and in such variety, that every man who wishes to be instructed
may take what he chooses, and, among multitudes, those which he
likes best. "He is wise," say St. Basil, "not only who hath
arrived at a complete habit of wisdom, but who hath made some
progress towards it; nay, who doth as yet but love it, or desire
it, and listen to it. Such as these, by reading this book,
shall be made wiser; for they shall be instructed in much
divine, and in no less human learning....It bridles the
injurious tongue, corrects the wanton eye, and ties the unjust
hand in chains. It persecutes sloth, chastises all absurd
desires, teaches prudence, raises man's courage, amd represents
temperance and chastity after such a fashion that one cannot but
have them in veneration."
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1 The preacher shews that all human courses are vain;
4 because the creatures are restless in their courses,
9 they bring forth nothing new, and all old things are
forgotten;
12 and because he has found it so in the studies of wisdom.
* the Preacher.
# 12 7:27 12:8-10 Ne 6:7 Ps 40:9 Isa 61:1 Jon 3:2 2Pe 2:5
* king.
# 12 1Ki 11:42,43 2Ch 9:30 10:17-19
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# 2:11,15,17,19,21,23,26 3:19 4:4,8,16 5:10 6:11 11:8,10 12:8
# Ps 39:5,6 62:9,10 144:4 Ro 8:20
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* profit.
# 2:22 3:9 5:16 Pr 23:4,5 Isa 55:2 Hab 2:13,18 Mt 16:26
# Mr 8:36,37 Joh 6:27
* under.
# 2:11,19 4:3,7 5:18 6:12 7:11 8:15-17 9:3,6,13
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* One generation.
# 6:12 Ge 5:3-31 11:20-32 36:9-19 47:9 Ex 1:6,7 6:16-27
# Ps 89:47,48 90:9,10 Zec 1:5
* but.
# Ps 102:24-28 104:5 119:90,91 Mt 24:35 2Pe 3:10-13
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* sun.
# Ge 8:22 Ps 19:4-6 89:36,37 104:19-23 Jer 33:20
* hasteth. Heb. panteth.
# Jos 10:13,14 Ps 42:1 Hab 3:11
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* The wind.
This verse should be connected with the preceding, and
rendered, "The sun also riseth, and the sun goeth down, and
hasteth to his place where he arose; going toward the south,
and turning about unto the north. The wind whirleth about
continually," etc. Alluding, in the former part, to the
apparent daily motion of the sun from east to west, and to his
annual course through the signs of the zodiac.
# Job 37:9,17 Ps 107:25,29 Jon 1:4 Mt 7:24,27 Joh 3:8
# Ac 27:13-15
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* the rivers run.
# Job 38:10,11 Ps 104:6-9
* return again. Heb. return to go.
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* full.
# 2:11,26 Mt 11:28 Ro 8:22,23
* man.
# 4:1-4 7:24-26
* the eye.
# 4:8 5:10,11 Ps 63:5 Pr 27:20 30:15,16 Mt 5:6 Re 7:16,17
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* that hath.
# 3:15 7:10 2Pe 2:1
* and there.
# Isa 43:19 Jer 31:22 Re 21:1,5
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* it hath.
# Mt 5:12 23:30-32 Lu 17:26-30 Ac 7:51 1Th 2:14-16 2Ti 3:8
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* There is.
# 2:16 Ps 9:6 Isa 41:22-26 42:9
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# 1 1Ki 4:1-19
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* I gave.
# 17 7:25 8:9,16,17 Ps 111:2 Pr 2:2-4 4:7 18:1,15 23:26
# 1Ti 4:15
* this sore.
# 3:10 4:4 12:12 Ge 3:19
* to be exercised. or, to afflict them.
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# 17,18 2:11,17,26 1Ki 4:30-32 Ps 39:5,6
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* crooked.
# 3:14 7:12,13 Job 11:6 34:29 Isa 40:4 La 3:37 Da 4:35 Mt 6:27
* wanting. Heb. defect.
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* communed.
# 2Ki 5:20 Ps 4:4 77:6 Isa 10:7-14 Jer 22:14 Eze 38:10,11
# Da 4:30
* Lo.
# 2:9 1Ki 3:12,13 4:30 10:7,23,24 2Ch 1:10-12 2:12 9:22,23
* great experience of. Heb. seen much.
# Heb 5:14
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* I gave.
# 13 2:3,12 7:23-25 1Th 5:21
* I perceived.
# 2:10,11
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* For in.
# 2:15 7:16 12:12,13 Job 28:28 1Co 3:18-20 Jas 3:13-17
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1 The vanity of human courses in the works of pleasure.
12 Though the wise be better than the fool, yet both have one
event.
18 The vanity of human labour, in leaving it they know not to
whom.
24 Nothing better than joy in our labour; but that is God's
gift.
* said.
# 15 1:16,17 3:17,18 Ps 10:6 14:1 27:8 30:6,7 Lu 12:19
* Go to.
# Ge 11:3,4,7 2Ki 5:5 Isa 5:5 Jas 4:13 5:1
* I will.
# 8:15 11:9 Isa 50:5,11 Lu 16:19,23 Jas 5:5 Tit 3:3 Re 18:7,8
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* I said.
Solomon is not speaking here of sober enjoyment of the things
of the world, but of intemperate pleasure, whose two
attendants, laughter and mirth, are introduced by a beautiful
prosopopoeia, as two persons, whom he treats with the utmost
contempt.
* It is.
# 7:2-6 Pr 14:13 Isa 22:12,13 Am 6:3-6 1Pe 4:2-4
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* sought.
# 1:17 1Sa 25:36
* give myself unto wine. Heb. draw my flesh with wine. yet.
# Pr 20:1 31:4,5 Eph 5:18
* and to lay.
# 7:18 Pr 20:1 23:29-35 Mt 6:24 2Co 6:15-17
* till.
# 6:12 12:13
* all. Heb. the number of.
# Ge 47:9 Job 14:14 Ps 90:9-12
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* made.
# Ge 11:4 2Sa 18:18 Da 4:30
* I builded.
# De 8:12-14 1Ki 7:1,2,8-12 9:1 15:19 10:19,20 2Ch 8:1-6,11
# Ps 49:11
* I planted.
# 1Ch 27:27 2Ch 26:10 So 1:14 7:12 8:11,12 Isa 5:1
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* me.
# So 4:12-16 5:1 6:2 Jer 39:4
* I planted.
# Ge 2:8,9 Lu 17:27-29
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* pools.
# Ne 2:14 So 7:4
* to water.
# Ps 1:3 Jer 17:8
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* servants.
# 1Ki 9:20-22 Ezr 2:58 Ne 7:57
* and had.
# Ge 17:12,13
* servants born in my house. Heb. sons of my house. also.
# Ge 13:2 2Ki 3:4 1Ch 27:29-31 2Ch 26:10 32:27-29 Job 1:3 42:12
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* silver.
# 1Ki 9:14,28 10:10 14:21,22,27 2Ch 9:11,15-21
* men singers.
# 2Sa 19:35 Ezr 2:65
* musical instruments, etc. Heb. musical instrument and
instruments.
# 1Ch 25:1,6 Job 21:11,12 Ps 150:3-5 Da 3:5,7,15 Am 6:5
The difficult words {shiddah weshiddoth} are variously
rendered. The LXX. have [oinocoon kai oinochoas,] "male
and female cup-bearers," with which the Syriac and Arabic and
Parkhurst agree; Aquila, [kulikon kai kulikia,] "a cup
and smaller cups;" Jerome, {scyphos et urceolos, (Vulg.
{urceos,}) "goblets and pots;" Targum, "warm and cold baths;"
others, as M. Desvoeux, "male and female captives;" others,
"cooks and confectioners;" others, "a species of musical
compositions," derived from Sido, a celebrated Phoenician
woman, to whom Sanchoniatho attributes the invention of music;
but others, with more probability, "wives and concubines;" and
{siddoth} may be in this sense synonymous with the Arabic
{seedat, domina, conjux} from {sada,} in {Conj. V. conjugium
inivit.} Of the former, Solomon had three hundred, and of the
latter, seven hundred; and if they are not mentioned here they
are not mentioned at all, which is wholly unaccountable.